Preheat oven to 350°F (175°C) and grease an 8x8 inch square baking pan or line with parchment paper.
In a medium bowl, whisk together the melted butter and 1 cup sugar for the brownie layer.
Add 2 eggs and 1 teaspoon vanilla to the brownie mixture, whisking until smooth.
Gently fold in 1/2 cup cocoa powder, 1/2 cup flour, and 1/4 teaspoon salt until just combined.
Spread the brownie batter evenly into the bottom of the prepared baking pan.
In a separate large bowl, cream together the softened butter, 1/2 cup granulated sugar, and brown sugar until light and fluffy.
Beat in the remaining egg, vanilla extract, and almond extract for the cake layer.
Stir in 1 cup flour and baking powder until a thick dough forms, then fold in the rainbow sprinkles.
Drop spoonfuls of the cake layer batter over the brownie layer and spread gently to cover.
Bake for 30 to 35 minutes, or until a toothpick inserted into the center comes out with only a few moist crumbs.
Allow the bars to cool completely in the pan before slicing into 16 squares.